Protective steel doors are widely used in buildings due to their high resistance against the IMPACT loads. However, its heavy weight has been always considered as a major drawback for these doors. In this paper, a new optimized stiffened IMPACT-protective steel door incorporating sandwich panel with aluminum foam core (OSSA) is examined. This door consists of two face sheets, main and secondary stiffeners, and aluminum foam as the inner core. In order to optimize the door, at first the rigidity and weight functions of the stiffened steel door were extracted. Then an optimal door weighing 42% less than the primary door was obtained. Due to the high energy absorption capacity of the combined foam core and stiffened steel door structure, the use of aluminum foam core in the optimized steel door was proposed. By doing numerical analysis, and depending on the thickness of the face sheet of OSSA, 20 to 32% reduction in the maximum displacement was observed. The results also showed that, with 67% increase in the peak overpressure, OSSA has kept almost the same maximum displacement as that of the steel door without an aluminum foam. In other words, by using aluminum foam core in the optimized stiffened door, the door will resist 67% more IMPACT load.

Contact ANGLE has an important effect on the dynamic behavior of a droplet during its IMPACT onto a solid surface; this behavior includes deformation, spreading and even rebounding of the droplet from the surface. In this paper, the effect of contact ANGLE during droplet IMPACT is studied and numerically simulated. First, using molecular-kinetic theory and based on the newly available research in this field, a correlation for determining the dynamic contact ANGLE during droplet IMPACT is obtained. This correlation is then implemented in the numerical model used to simulate the process. The results of the numerical model are compared with those of the experiments and those of the previous models (using an equilibrium contact ANGLE; two advancing and receding contact ANGLEs). Model predictions agreed well with experimental measurements; this validated the model results for the droplet deformation during the IMPACT. The results show that using the molecular-kinetic theory in modeling contact ANGLE prevents the spreading-and-recoiling oscillations of the droplet that are seen when an equilibrium contact ANGLE is used. Compared to the model with advancing and receding contact ANGLEs, the molecular-kinetic theory results in a better prediction of the time and value of the maximum and minimum spread of the droplet on the solid surface. Based on the results of the developed model, a critical maximum spread and two regions of droplet spreading or rebounding from the surface are defined. Next in the paper, an analytical model is presented to study the effect of contact ANGLE on the droplet maximum spread. The results of this model show that for low Capillary numbers (Ca) with an increase of the equilibrium contact ANGLE or a decrease of We number, the maximum spread of the droplet is decreased and becomes less dependent on Re number. In contrast, the maximum spread for high We numbers or low equilibrium contact ANGLEs is increased and becomes more dependent on Re number.

With the advancement of technology, targets in various classes and with various features have entered the arena. Interceptors also have limitations such as dimensions, fuel quantity and maneuverability. Therefore, in order to approach the goal more effectively and achieve better performance, it is necessary to provide new guidance methods. The main approach of this research; The design of the robust guidance law with limited ANGLE of attack is based on differential game theory and nonlinear optimal control. In this approach, the acceleration of the interceptor and the acceleration of the target are calculated as two separate inputs; The interceptor seeks to minimize the cost function and at the same time it is assumed that the target seeks to maximize the same cost function. For this purpose, considering nonlinear equations with uncertainty, a robust guidance law based on state-dependent Riccati equations is presented. Here, the approach is to transform the robust control problem into optimal control, and the problem is solved using the state-dependent Riccati equation optimal method. The presented law for two interceptor scenarios with constant speed and variable speed, taking into account the aerodynamics of the interceptor, simulation and its results for scenarios with large initial flight path ANGLEs of the interceptor and targets with step, sinusoidal and random maneuvers are presented. Also, at the end, by comparing the method proposed in this article with the augmented proportional navigation method, it is shown that the interceptor hits the maneuvering target in less time and less distance and shorter navigation path and has better performance.

In this study, 4 composite layers of plain carbon fiber fabric, plain glass fiber fabric and carbon-glass [carbon-glass-carbon-glass] fiber fabrics, are tested under high speed IMPACT (118 m/s) with flat or half-spherical projectile in IMPACT ANGLEs of 0, 30 and 45 degrees compared to the normal IMPACT, and the amount of damage as well as their ballistic limit was studied. Results showed that with increase in the IMPACT ANGLE striked with the flat projectile, the ballistic limit decreased by 30% and the damage area decreased by 36%. Also, with the increase in the IMPACT ANGLE striked with the half-spherical projectile in speed of 118 m/s on 4 layers of carbon fiber fabric and glass fiber fabric, the ballistic limit increased by 25% and the damage area decreased by 40%. The maximum damage area and ballistic limit was in 4 layers of glass fiber fabric and the minimum damage area and the ballistic limit was observed in 4 layers of carbon fiber fabric, that with integration of these 2 fabrics and generating 4 layer fabric of carbon-glass, the high ballistic limit of glass fiber fabric and low damage area of 4-layer carbon fabric is achieved in 4 layer carbon-glass laminate.

Indoor air quality (IAQ) generally refers to the quality of physical, chemical and biological characteristics of air in an indoor environment. Indoor air pollution could threat people's health and on the other hand has long been recognised as a significant agent of deterioration of cultural heritage collections housed in museums, galleries, archives and library buildings. The most important gases that are sourced outdoor have long been considered to be Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) and Ozone (O3), Considering valuable objects kept in museums and cultural heritage buildings, and the importance of maintaining them, it is necessary to use a method with the ability to estimate the concentration of indoor pollutants and evaluate their effects on collections. In this research, attempts have been focused to survey the concentration of pollutants in two important museums in Iran, and consequently the data produced by mathematical models are compared with real measured data. IMPACT model has been developed as a software tool for estimating the damaging levels of air pollutants concentrations inside cultural heritage buildings.

In this study, dynamic pressures due to IMPACT of a ski jump out of a flip bucket downstream of a chute spillway model have been studied. Experiments were performed for five discharge (0.11, 0.18, 0.25, 0.32, 0.39 m3/s per unit width) and four jet IMPACT ANGLEs (00, 300, 600, 900). Fluctuation of dynamic pressure was measured using a 250 mbar pressure transducer. Discharge (q), horizontal and vertical distance from the peak to jet IMPACT location (L, H-h) and ANGLE IMPACT in downstream (q) were considered as the main parameters affecting the dynamic pressure. Results showed that pressure coefficient is highly sensitive to horizontal and vertical distances to IMPACT location as well as to the IMPACT ANGLE. Using dimensionless parameters, a power function was correlated for calculation of the dynamic pressure for variable IMPACT ANGLE.

Purpose: The present research aimed at finding an answer to the question of the process of influence of cyberspace on Iranian Poetry in the future, and the influence of cyberspace on various aspects of poetry such as content, its audience, the poet, the media that published the poem, the process of composing the poem, the rights of the author, and Globalization of the Iranian poetry. Method: The Delphi technique was used to carry out this research. A group of experts comprising professors in the fields of Communication and Literature was selected. The expert’s opinions were collected and analyzed through an in-depth interview, a questionnaire based on the Likert scale, and by the execution of three stages of Delphi rounds. Findings: Accordingly, considering the content, the experts predicted that due to the IMPACT of cyberspace, the quality of the poetry will be reduced and consequently, the language of poetry will become simpler and close to prose and it will only reflect the daily events of life. Regarding the audience, they concluded that the audience’s selection power will be increased, however, we can differentiate between the public and professional audience. With respect to the sender, there will be no phenomenon of multi authors, and regarding the channel, the experts agreed upon Media Convergence besides, the poets’ agency in publishing their own poems will be increased. Conclusion: Experts believe that the spread of communication technologies will make censorship ineffective. This is the only case in which the group believes in the IMPACT of technology on the future of poetry. The group of experts did not reach a consensus regarding the IMPACT of technology on the phenomena such as publication of author’s poems as one’s original work and the Globalization of Iranian poetry, thus, analyzed these items in the framework of the human agency.